The international aid system faces unprecedented transformation. INGOs must adapt to a fragmented, polycentric aid landscape marked by shrinking funding, localization pressures, and emerging local actors. Human Resources (HR) functions are central to this shift. Outsourcing HR is no longer a stopgap but a strategic response—enhancing flexibility, cost control, and quality. Decentralizing HR empowers field operations while preserving organizational coherence. Internal HR evolves into a strategic steward, focusing on talent management and organizational values. As humanitarian aid becomes more territorial and fragmented, robust, adaptive HR models will be vital to sustain impact and relevance in an uncertain future.